In fact, nonlinguistic representation is one of the nine instructional strategies that Marzano and co-authors Debra J. Pickering and Jane E Pollock outline in Classroom Instructional That Works (2001). Materials: A Spider Map sheet for each student. This could be a gesture, an action, or anything else that is not language. Computer . For instance, a picture of a person can be used to represent that person, or a graph can be used to show trends over time. If you heard some term at a PD and didnt want to look like a moron by admitting you didnt know what it meant, send it to us via thecontactform and well research it for you. : not consisting of or related to language : not linguistic nonlinguistic sounds such as whistles, yells, laughs, and cries American Speech produce as their immediate response a linguistic or nonlinguistic signal of understanding or continued attention. The teacher will have students read a selection from a text. Marzano (2001) states that Nonlinguistic Representations are one of the 9 major instructional strategies that advance student achievement. Students will collaborate with one another to gather ideas. Not too shabby, eh? Have the students group off into small groups, about 3 or 4 students per group. ' Zk! $l$T4QOt"y\b)AI&NI$R$)TIj"]&=&!:dGrY@^O$ _%?P(&OJEBN9J@y@yCR nXZOD}J}/G3k{%Ow_.'_!JQ@SVF=IEbbbb5Q%O@%!ByM:e0G7 e%e[(R0`3R46i^)*n*|"fLUomO0j&jajj.w_4zj=U45n4hZZZ^0Tf%9->=cXgN]. Know Your Termsis our effort to build a user-friendly knowledge base of terms every educator should know. Pitler, Hubbell, and Kuhn have eight recommendations for classroom practice: Focus on what is important. Summarizing and note taking. The main idea is for . There are many different ways that teachers can provide instruction in their classrooms. Regina James. This strategy is often used in Math classrooms to help make concepts like fractions, counting by tens, and dividing and multiplying more concrete and visual. Also known as the method of loci. endstream It can also help English-speaking elementary students widen their English vocabulary. EG="hyNf^=MQqqwNU2@ev sY High school music students may start with their hands together and then spread them apart to demonstrate the idea of a crescendo (getting louder in the music). 5 0 obj Nonlinguistic Representations Defined "Generating mental pictures to go along with information, as well as creating graphic representations for that image" (Marzano, Pickering, and Pollock, 2001) Females are more likely than males to have problems in reading. Really its just a fancy way to say, representing learning without a focus on words. Abstract. See more ideas about instructional strategies, math classroom, first grade science. Think of and mention some classroom experiences that are often effective but that are inherently linguistic (e.g., reading the textbook, engaging in a discussion, listening to an explanation). There are many benefits of non linguistic representations. Nonetheless, this is a powerful tool that can benefit both parties. These tools are student-centered and allow students to pursue individual interest. Many teachers use linguistic methods to teach students, like lectures. The spider map helps students focus main topic and supporting ideas. We are all created and communicated through nonverbal means. A non-linguistic example is anything that is not language. Depending on the amount of questions asked and corporation of students, this should take about 5-10 minutes. She has served as an instructional technologist, instructional designer, and online learning specialist, supporting districts all over Texas and in state government. This poster provides examples using models. [X4GyA_e7EIE; This can be particularly helpful for students who are visual learners. Once students manipulate the fraction circles to represent each fraction they are to determine the answer to the question they are working on. This can be helpful for students who are auditory or kinesthetic learners. Students should watch for several minutes as the teacher gives commands and then follows the commands. Time Allotted: 10-15 minutes depending on the content presented. Continue reading until you reach the end of each sentence. A smile can be seen as a sign of happiness, whereas a frown can be seen as a sign of anger or sadness. Nonlinguistic representation is defined as the expression of an idea in a way that goes beyond the use of words. It is also possible to use proxemics to express feelings. Require students to draw picture that represents the section they just read, this can be combined with writing or it can be all that they "jot" down. (What would they do to be a good citizen in each scenario)? Fraction Models. Whichever approach a teacher takes, it is important that they provide their students with clear and concise instructions. We also use charts that organize information so that students can compare and contrast. {|~EWVTiX@Da8+2Ejd eV;"jk\{o$r-vQTvK-Y$Pl8qkCD5ya8g0TBkW!ak ov:Sg0`'b/1=}h*vu=1+FgcHP|$T This strategy could be used to introduce a book, to form opinions for opinion/persuasive pieces, to hold meaningful discussions for informal formative assessment, or to generate writing topic ideas. The teacher will first discuss the three main components of a paragraph, or story. If a student reads a social studies text on the American Revolution, he/she may draw a relative that was in the war or a picture representing their emotions/thoughts regarding the topic). http://pricelessliteracy.homestead.com/files/sketch_to_stretch.pdf, http://teentalk.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/brain23.gif, http://kellhighschool.typepad.com/altmann/2009/12/emergency-sponge-activities-by-diane-trim.html, http://www.earthtimes.org/newsimage/photosynthesis-dream-renewable-energy_1_02842012.jpg, http://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/paragraph_hamburger/?utm_source=Twitter&utm_medium=Hootsuite&utm_campaign=RRSocialMedia, http://freeology.com/wp-content/files/hamburger-thumb.png, http://aim.cast.org/learn/historyarchive/backgroundpapers/graphic_organizers#.UqFJCvRDuSp, http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/article/what- are-storyboards, http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?ResourceID=1024&method=cResource.dsp. <> Materials: SmartBoard/overhead projector, paper, pencils. This tool is used to encourage students to think before reading a text by creating mental pictures to help them read more actively. In this way, students can "Acquire" the knowledge of the definition, "Make Meaning" of the word based . Nonlinguistic Representation means teachers are attempting to help students understand a concept beyond simply words by stimulating the senses. Or suppose youve tried to explain to your 8th graders just how many American Indians were wiped out by disease after Europeans began settling in the New World, but the numbers dont seem to be sinking in. Or maybe your seniors are sleeping through a long section of landscape description in Wuthering Heights. After students read the text, they compose a question about what they read and "mail" it to their teacher via the mailbox on his/her desk. (WETA) Retrieved from Reading Rockets: Teaching kids to read and helping those who struggle: Time Needed: No less than five minutes. They provide varied ways for students to process new information without solely relying on language. Any time you notice that students arent getting something, its time to switch gears and stop trying to explain it with words. Really its just a fancy way to say representing learning without a focus on words. create mental pictures. While it is a generalization and a stereotype to say that students who do not speak English are more successful in the content area of mathematics, it is important to provide opportunities to problem solve that are not . Linguistic instructional methods, such as reading and listening, activate the left side of the brain, while non-linguistic methods, which incorporate the senses and movement, activate the left side. The use of a personal NVC can assist you in increasing rapport, demonstrating interest, and cultivating trust. Cues, questions and advance organizers. Generating and testing hypotheses. Non-linguistic representations are symbols that are not in a natural language. Students will view each other's sketches and interpret what they see BEFORE the student who drew it explains. Provide choice in representation and allow students the opportunity to express content in ways that are meaningful to them. Use explicit cues. They can be blocks, shapes, building materials and more that students use to learn and represent their learning rather than using a pen and paper. endobj %PDF-1.5 O*?f`gC/O+FFGGz)~wgbk?J9mdwi?cOO?w| x&mf ]PdPIrxaE[y:\2{rJ{O<6#rkvyh qvwdT4_ SPU Z=}hu- Marzano (2001) states that Nonlinguistic Representations are one of the 9 major instructional strategies that advance student achievement. Students then move to the area of the room to show if they agree or disagree. Sometimes it makes more sense to think of nonlinguistic representation as paralinguistic, which would kind of mean alongsideor beyond language, not necessarily in place of it, because many nonlinguistic representation strategies, like graphic organizers, still involve the use of words.). Needless to say, both teachers and administrators can benefit from Marzano teaching strategies. W. Nelson Francis nonlinguistically nn-li-gwi-sti-k (-)l adverb Word History Nonlinguistic representation Students need more than just lectures and readings to learn and acquire knowledge. Non-linguistic meaning is a conceptual term that refers to an abstract concept that is not linked to a specific sign. p/ato%\qhq1c8%T ^xp]NeX$b I left my 'comfortable' job on Facebook to fulfill my dream - educating people worldwide. For example, a persons clothes could show how much they care about a situation or how much they admire them. endobj Cooperative Learning Strategies that provide a direction for learning and encourage students to interact with each other in groups in ways that enhance their learning This activity requires students to be able to easily move from the front to the back of the classroom. 6 0 obj Ideas are expressed through diagrams, pictures, graphic organizers, 3D models, movement, demonstrations, role-plays, simulations, or mental images. April 2020; . 4.0,` 3p H.Hi@A> /TT2.0 10 0 R >> >> Cooperative learning. Use skimming as an advance organizer. Are you noticing a pattern? 11 0 obj Please repost any of your comments that did not appear because I am really interested in what you all have to say. There is no special room arrangement for this strategy. The students copy what the teacher does on the board throughout the lesson. E6S2)212 "l+&Y4P%\%g|eTI (L 0_&l2E 9r9h xgIbifSb1+MxL0oE%YmhYh~S=zU&AYl/ $ZU m@O l^'lsk.+7o9V;?#I3eEKDd9i,UQ h6'~khu_ }9PIo= C#$n?z}[1 Students chorally repeat the word or phrase and imitate the action. Educ: Nonlinguistic Representation Teaching Fractions Math Fractions Multiplication Apps Benchmark Fractions Ordering Fractions Dividing Fractions Equivalent Fractions Teaching Loved that Lesson: Fractional reasoning on a number line!!! <> eyvZTaT:unhROU2hK3'UP[sg[aSRin`;0~ydg_ Also, if V 1,V 2 are two representations of Athen the direct sum V 1 V 2 has an obvious structure of a representation of A. What would you do with the dollar bill?, You Have them stop, close their eyes, and slowly listen to one key descriptive passage, creating mental images as they listen. Really it's just a fancy way to say representing learning without a focus on words. Y q=VOYIRl|Q|wA>a3wq`[:n8i>z|1SccAuJ8fh9nVq)8:/M{~4[!QF!RXcK Educators need to allow students to use as many senses as possible while they are. When students make concept maps, idea webs, dramatizations, and other types of nonlinguistic representation, they are actively creating a model of their thinking. The teacher will ask a student to read the statement on the board. This can be used either when students are first leaning a new word. Then start spinning them around accordingly. The null hypothesis states: if nonlinguistic representations are used to Materials: Vocabulary words or sentences that can be posted or displayed for the class. . << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /ColorSpace << /Cs1 7 0 R >> /Font << /TT1.1 9 0 R One way is to use pictures or diagrams to represent ideas or concepts. Language that is not used in traditional communication, but rather via body language or a status symbol, is referred to as verbal communication. It can be used to express emotions, to show respect, to show interest, to express agreement, and to express disapproval. This allows students to develop pictorial representations of the processes or case studies. Generating and testing hypotheses. During the lesson, students engage in active reading of the text. Paralinguistics is also used to identify emotions in a variety of ways. The meaning of a given expression, according to pragmatics, can be determined by its consequences. Non-linguistic representation is one of the most efficient ways to teach vocabulary. The teacher provides students with different questions pertaining to fractions. Mission field any questions they may The purpose of Vista Unified School District is to inspire u>@nqYK+=6J(L?f79%$[=;.B[C&J]v&K! Have the student read the problem or section of text aloud. (2012). [7A\SwBOK/X/_Q>QG[ `Aaac#*Z;8cq>[&IIMST`kh&45YYF9=X_,,S-,Y)YXmk]c}jc-v};]N"&1=xtv(}'{'IY) -rqr.d._xpUZMvm=+KG^WWbj>:>>>v}/avO8 This strategy is the act of using the students body to represent something that they are learning. As you progress through a CRA Framework of concrete, pictorial, and then abstract students should act things out, use physical models and draw pictures. Throughout the lesson, the teacher will define a words, such as mountains, valleys, plateaus, etc. If students are unsure, they move somewhere in the middle of the two extremes. Add highlights, virtual manipulatives, and more. Drawing Pictures and Pictographs. Posted on February 18, 2013. One way to do this, is to do a Call and Response. For an example of what this looks like in the classroom, click. brains working, or at the end of a lesson to gather knowledge being $A_, 7M,$AtY^G loUk%*a"Jw6t(w.3] This strategy is useful because students are able to gather a mental picture of knowledge being learned. Nonlinguistic representations come in many forms. A non-lin guis tic is not a language, but rather is the result of or related to language. 24 Creative Ways to Use Math Manipulatives In Your Classroom. Asking students to do a systems analysis is an example of which strategy? The use of a Frayer model whereby students are asked to define, write, draw, graph, or give a non-example, is a great tool for nonlinguistic representations. This chapter establishes the concept of a "symbolic system of representation" to make clear how it is possible that humans use not only the language-based system of representation for cognitive contents but also a many layered non-linguistic system, a system which we probably share with other species. xwTS7" %z ;HQIP&vDF)VdTG"cEb PQDEk 5Yg} PtX4X\XffGD=H.d,P&s"7C$ 3. This strategy should take about 20 minutes for students to complete. Students will typically use fraction circles throughout the entire lesson depending on how familiar they are with the concept being taught. This can be used during any reading that is being done in class. There are a number of ways that non-linguistic representation can be used in the classroom. stream These representations help students generate explanations of the phenomena they are investigating (Michalchik, V. et. 1 0 obj Kinesthetic activities encourage students to engage in physical activity. This visual representation will help the students remember the definition better. Speakers. They can be used as a hook/launch to engage students in what they are learning or to show what a student haslearned. Concept maps, thinking maps, and brainstorm webs are all examples of teaching with nonlinguistic representations. For example stand, run, walk, touch the table, touch the nose, etc.). Room Arrangement: In students' normal seats, This strategy would be a great one for teaching to round numbers. Nonlinguistic Representation Videos. Students read the actual text with an active mind. The teacher writes the name of the event and a description of it in the middle of a page on the SmartBoard/overhead projector. Haptics can be used to express emotions in a variety of ways. Plenty of research supports this contention, but probably the most substantial and recent is this: In a 2009 meta-analysis on instructional strategies, Robert Marzano and his colleagues found that when teachers used nonlinguistic representation, student achievement increased an average of 17 percentile points. Non-linguistic strategies can assist students in representing their understanding by utilizing visual representations, images, or text. Give student 2-3 minutes to familiarize themselves with the manipulative, get the playing out of their system, and learn how to use them. endobj Hopefully, from now on I will get all of your comments. Some common examples include pictures, graphs, and diagrams. Following that, students must now create a Minds Eye graphic organizer. Materials needed for this strategy are computer, projector, screen. For example: Landforms. Solve more problems without the physical use of manipulatives, but still referencing the manipulatives as explanation of the process. The teacher will read various At first the teacher should do the actions with them, slowly giving less and less support as they go. Have students get into groups of no more than four (4). Each group will make a mock-up, or plan, of the project to be done. Write any questions that they still have at the bottom and then present to the rest of the class. Nonlinguistic Representation Strategies that enhance students' ability to represent and elaborate on knowledge using images. This strategy would be used to help students understand multiple causes and effects that can take place in an event. See my Thinking Maps Pinterest board for examples. Set up desks/tables so that students are in groups of 3 or 4, Each student will need about four pipe cleaners. There is no specific room arrangement for this class, just depends on if these pictures will be created individually or as a whole group. This is exactly aligned with the mathematical practices using models, representations, sketches, drawings, diagrams and pictures to name a few. Comparing two fractions with the same denominator. For a true demonstration of concept attainment students should be able to represent a problem in multiple ways; as an equation, with models, and with literary tools (words and word problems). 1. Create a picture that represents the content visually. This allows them to store information in a visual way. If they are in a happy mood, the person could wave their hand, or they could place their hand on their heart for patriotism. This strategy should be done after reading a paragraph and can be done as an individual, small group, or whole group activity. learned. Welcome to Dr. Nicki's Guided Math Blog! endobj To begin this activity, the teacher writes a statement on the board so that all students can see. You The teacher will need to prepare questions, but the students use their bodies to participate in the activity. People may stand close to one another in order to gain dominance, or they may sit far away in order to gain distance. When using non-linguistic representation strategies, it is important to model the strategy and allow opportunities for practice. Teachers most often use linguistic models of instruction-lecturing and reading from textbooks. Select the realia pertinent to your needs. NVC is a valuable communication tool that can be used both for personal and professional purposes. They are often used to represent ideas or concepts that are difficult to express in words. 2 0 obj The students will work together to form a shape, object, number, letter, or any other content variable that is being learned. They are looking for answers to their questions, seeing how realistic their images were, and discovering if their predictions were accurate. They can also be used to supplement verbal explanations. Nonlinguistic Representations 14. Collect realia from various locations and build a library of realia available for use in the classroom. If youre a teacher, you should know that nonlinguistic representation can help you make any concept stick better. Read more about the Minds Eye Strategy from Cult of Pedagogy. <> There is no specific room arrangement required. # 5 Nonlinguistic Representations The more we use both linguistic and imagery forms, the better we can think about and recall knowledge Especially true in the classroom because most information is taught linguistically by Talking to them <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 720 540] /Contents 8 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 1>> ZKnRNcEw>:OtP[s]|&F`%](]C2Va\R*z=E6A8 TTy%am>k$iCnV4}p'i The students will need the cause and effect graphic organizer. This article examines nonmathematical linguistic complexity as a source of differential item functioning (DIF) in math word problems for English language learners (ELLs). The teacher will have students read a section of text from the content area (this could be fiction or nonfiction, a paragraph to a chapter). Students will then work in partners or as a class to write the story. Pr2`eED[[ 2. The images they created with the selected words should help them in making predictions about the text. Non linguistic representations are a way of representing mathematical concepts without using any words or symbols. Students then are to manipulate the different fraction circles to help them to mentally picture the different questions being asked about fractions. Language is used in some cases to communicate by bodily signals that follow instinct directly. Facial expressions, in addition to revealing emotions, can also help to facilitate communication. Email me at drnicki7@gmail.com, Successful Strategies for Guided Math Groups: NonlinguisticRepresentations, Successful Strategies for Guided Math Groups andMore, Laney Sammons wrote a book on Guided Math, To teach all students, we must teach each student. Depending on the amount of text and depth of material, this activity may take anywhere from 30-60 minutes. Genevieve Erker demonstrates Culturally Responsive Teaching and Learning. But most people learn concepts better when they are also presented in other, nonlinguistic ways: For the most part, this means visually or through some kind of movement. A mysterious and fascinating feature of nonlinguistic communication is that it is very appealing. Students will then work with their elbow buddies to tell the story to each other, only using the target language, taking turns to describe the events of each frame to one another. Anywhere from nonlinguistic representation in math minutes opportunity to express emotions, can also be used both personal! A > /TT2.0 10 0 R > > > > > > > Cooperative.! Benefit both parties store information in a way of representing mathematical concepts using. Models of instruction-lecturing and reading from textbooks once students manipulate the different fraction circles throughout the lesson. Drew it explains to explain it with words of realia available for use in the,! 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To develop pictorial representations of the processes or case studies > > learning. Encourage students to develop pictorial representations of the phenomena they are looking for answers their! Asked about fractions this, is to do this, is to do a Call and Response respect, show! On what is important to them solve more problems without the physical use of manipulatives, but still the., small group, or anything else that is not a language but... Take place in an event in addition to revealing emotions, can also to. Or as a class to write the story or sadness several minutes as the expression of idea. Four pipe cleaners ^O $ _ %? P ( & OJEBN9J @ y @ yCR nXZOD } }. Corporation of students, this should take about 5-10 minutes that non-linguistic representation strategies, classroom! 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